A Test of the Adhesion Approximation for Gravitational Clustering

We quantitatively compare a particle implementation of the adhesion approximation to fully non–linear, numerical “N–body” simulations. Our primary tool, cross–correlation of N–body simulations with the adhesion approximation, indicates good agreement, better than that found by the same test performed with the Zel’dovich approximation (hereafter ZA). However, the cross–correlation is not as good as that of the truncated Zel’dovich approximation (TZA), obtained by applying the Zel’dovich approximation after smoothing the initial density field with a Gaussian filter. We confirm that the adhesion approximation produces an excessively filamentary distribution. Relative to the N–body results, we also find that: (a) the power spectrum obtained from the adhesion approximation is more accurate than that from ZA or TZA, (b) the error in the phase angle of Fourier components is worse than that from TZA, and (c) the mass distribution function is more accurate than that from ZA or TZA. It appears that adhesion performs well statistically, but that TZA is more accurate dynamically, in the sense of moving mass to the right place. Subject Heading: Galaxies, formation, clustering–large–scale structure of the Universe